Is the West Expected to Accept “Proportionality” in War?

What does “proportionality” actually mean in war? Urban warfare expert John Spencer explains that it may be the most misunderstood principle in the laws of war. The goal is not to make war painless or to make fighting in cities illegal, but to limit brutality while weighing legitimate military objectives against humanitarian costs. When activists and the media turn legal concepts into slogans, are they helping civilians—or making it harder to understand the reality of war?